Working on a Library Management System requires using your technical understanding and solving typical library challenges.
It handles the records of books and members, as well as the practical rules for who may borrow and how many books they’re allowed. I solved this task in Zoho Round 3 by dividing it into its main components.
Table of Contents
What Is the Problem?
It was our task to design a system that would allow the firm to:
- You may borrow up to 5 books and keep them for 30 days.
- Admins are allowed to manage which books are available (adding, updating and removing books).
- Anyone can sign up, take out a book and return it once they’re finished.
- Keep a record of what books are available and who has them.
- Make it possible to locate songs by searching by title, the author’s name or genre.
The Solution
Understanding Individual Masculinity, Femininity and Gender Neutral
To function well, a Library Management System (LMS) ought to fulfill the requirements of both admins and users (members). Everyone acts differently on the website, so we break their actions down into individual modules.
Admin Actions:
- You can add, update and remove books.
- All the books and all the members are displayed here.
User Actions:
- Sign up to be a member.
- Borrow your books during the scheduled dollmentary hours.
You can look up books by either the book’s title, the name of the writer or the subject area.
The Implementation
See the complete code below, fully described in human language with comments.
Book and Member Classes
The Book and Member classes represent the basic entities in our library system.
class Book {
String title;
String author;
String genre;
boolean isAvailable;
Book(String title, String author, String genre) {
this.title = title;
this.author = author;
this.genre = genre;
this.isAvailable = true; // Initially, all books are available
}
}Here, Book’s properties are title, author, genre and a flag called isAvailable to know if the book is available.
The Member class handles user-specific data:
class Member {
String username;
List<Book> borrowedBooks;
Member(String username) {
this.username = username;
this.borrowedBooks = new ArrayList<>();
}
boolean borrowBook(Book book) {
if (borrowedBooks.size() < 5 && book.isAvailable) {
borrowedBooks.add(book);
book.isAvailable = false; // Mark the book as borrowed
return true;
}
return false;
}
void returnBook(Book book) {
borrowedBooks.remove(book);
book.isAvailable = true; // Mark the book as available
}
}Step 2: Core Library Management System
All of the elements in the project are bound together by the LibraryManagementSystem class. It contains:
- All registered members and books can be found in the Books and Members Lists.
- At the beginning, the program requires users to select if they are an administrator or a user.
public class LibraryManagementSystem {
static Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
static List<Book> books = new ArrayList<>();
static List<Member> members = new ArrayList<>();
//loggedInMember variable will contain a reference to the Member object and it stores username and borrowed books of user
static Member loggedInMember = null;
static final String adminUsername = "admin";
static final String adminPassword = "password";
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Hardcoding two books
books.add(new Book("Science", "John Doe", "Educational"));
books.add(new Book("Social Studies", "Jane Smith", "Educational"));
while (true) {
System.out.print("Enter role (admin/user): ");
String role = scanner.nextLine();
if (role.equals("admin")) {
loginAsAdmin();
} else if (role.equals("user")) {
loginAsUser();
} else {
System.out.println("Invalid role. Please try again.");
}
}
}
private static void loginAsAdmin() {
System.out.print("Enter username: ");
String username = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.print("Enter password: ");
String password = scanner.nextLine();
if (username.equals(adminUsername) && password.equals(adminPassword)) {
System.out.println("Logged in as admin.");
adminMenu();
} else {
System.out.println("Invalid admin credentials.");
}
}
private static void loginAsUser() {
System.out.print("Enter username: ");
String username = scanner.nextLine();
//checks for existing username in members , or else create new object
loggedInMember = findOrCreateMember(username);
System.out.println("Logged in as user.");
userMenu();
}
private static Member findOrCreateMember(String username) {
for (Member member : members) {
//if member already exist, the return memeber
if (member.username.equals(username)) {
return member;
}
}
Member newMember = new Member(username);
members.add(newMember);
return newMember;
}
private static void adminMenu() {
while (true) {
System.out.println("\nLibrary Management System");
System.out.println("1. Add Book");
System.out.println("2. Update Book");
System.out.println("3. Remove Book");
System.out.println("4. Add Member");
System.out.println("5. Display All Books");
System.out.println("6. Display All Members");
System.out.println("7. Exit");
System.out.print("Enter your choice: ");
int choice = scanner.nextInt();
scanner.nextLine(); // consume the newline character
switch (choice) {
case 1: addBook(); break;
case 2: updateBook(); break;
case 3: removeBook(); break;
case 4: addMember(); break;
case 5: displayAllBooks(); break;
case 6: displayAllMembers(); break;
case 7: return;
default: System.out.println("Invalid choice. Please try again.");
}
}
}
private static void userMenu() {
while (true) {
System.out.println("\nLibrary Management System");
System.out.println("1. Borrow Book");
System.out.println("2. Return Book");
System.out.println("3. Display All Books");
System.out.println("4. Display All Members");
System.out.println("5. Exit");
System.out.print("Enter your choice: ");
int choice = scanner.nextInt();
scanner.nextLine(); // consume the newline character
switch (choice) {
case 1: borrowBook(); break;
case 2: returnBook(); break;
case 3: displayAllBooks(); break;
case 4: displayAllMembers(); break;
case 5: return;
default: System.out.println("Invalid choice. Please try again.");
}
}
}
private static void addBook() {
System.out.print("Enter book title: ");
String title = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.print("Enter book author: ");
String author = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.print("Enter book genre: ");
String genre = scanner.nextLine();
//Show in screenshot how the books arraylist stores the values
books.add(new Book(title, author, genre));
System.out.println("Book added successfully.");
}
private static void updateBook() {
System.out.print("Enter book title to update: ");
String title = scanner.nextLine();
Book book = findBookByTitle(title);
if (book != null) {
System.out.print("Enter new author: ");
book.author = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.print("Enter new genre: ");
book.genre = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("Book updated successfully.");
} else {
System.out.println("Book not found.");
}
}
private static void removeBook() {
System.out.print("Enter book title to remove: ");
String title = scanner.nextLine();
Book book = findBookByTitle(title);
if (book != null) {
books.remove(book);
System.out.println("Book removed successfully.");
} else {
System.out.println("Book not found.");
}
}
private static Book findBookByTitle(String title) {
for (Book book : books) {
if (book.title.equalsIgnoreCase(title)) {
return book;
}
}
return null;
}
private static void addMember() {
System.out.print("Enter member username: ");
String username = scanner.nextLine();
members.add(new Member(username));
System.out.println("Member added successfully.");
}
private static void borrowBook() {
System.out.print("Enter book title to borrow: ");
String title = scanner.nextLine();
Book book = findBookByTitle(title);
//Explain this with an example senario
//This checks if the loggedInMember successfully borrows the book.
if (book != null && loggedInMember.borrowBook(book)) {
System.out.println("Book borrowed successfully.");
} else {
System.out.println("Book is either unavailable or borrow limit reached.");
}
}
private static void returnBook() {
System.out.print("Enter book title to return: ");
String title = scanner.nextLine();
Book book = findBookByTitle(title);
if (book != null && !book.isAvailable) {
//This method is in the members class, remove it from borrowedBooks list
//return true or false accordingly
loggedInMember.returnBook(book);
System.out.println("Book returned successfully.");
} else {
System.out.println("Book not found or it wasn't borrowed.");
}
}
private static void displayAllBooks() {
if(books.isEmpty()){
System.out.println("No books available");
}else{
System.out.println("\nList of Books:");
for (Book book : books) {
System.out.println("Title: " + book.title + ", Author: " + book.author + ", Genre: " + book.genre + ", Available: " + book.isAvailable);
}
}
}
private static void displayAllMembers() {
if(members.isEmpty()){
System.out.println("No memebers exist");
}else{
System.out.println("\nList of Members:");
for (Member member : members) {
System.out.println("Username: " + member.username + ", Borrowed Books: " + member.borrowedBooks.size());
}
}
}
}Conclusion
Developing a Library Management System was challenging and demonstrated how programming links business needs to technical actions.
Feel free to take the code and modify it by adding features such as fines for late books or suspensions for those who don’t pay their fines.
